Although research on cancer risks associated with vaping is still limited, a 2025 systematic review found substantial evidence that e cigarette exposure is associated with biomarkers reflective of cancer disease risk. This includes Study: e cigarette users with substances linked to bladder cancer in urine Vaping and smoking together increases lung cancer risk fourfold E cigarettes: 'cancer risk close to zero' Bhekisisa Vaping releases toxic chemicals, including heavy metals, as well as ultrafine particles that go deep into the lungs. These increase the risk of heart and lung disorders. E liquide cigarette elecronique sans propylene glycol Vegetol Pure